Few figures in history embody the art of mastery as deeply as Miyamoto Musashi. Known as one of Japan’s greatest swordsmen, Musashi lived a life of unparalleled discipline, strategy, and self-mastery. He achieved over 60 undefeated duels, refined his swordsmanship into an art form, and documented his philosophy in two monumental works: The Book of Five Rings and Dokkōdō.
These texts continue to guide leaders, warriors, and CEOs across the globe with principles that transcend time and culture. Let’s dive into his three immortal principles for strategy from The Book of Five Rings and his 21 rules for life in Dokkōdō.
The Book of Five Rings: 3 Principles for Mastery
Written in 1645, The Book of Five Rings distills Musashi’s philosophy of strategy into actionable insights. Here are three of its most timeless principles:
- Think Strategically in Every Arena
Musashi emphasizes the importance of applying strategic thinking not just in battle but in all areas of life. Whether wielding a sword or running a company, preparation, observation, and adaptability are essential. - Master the Basics
Musashi believed in achieving mastery through relentless focus on foundational skills. For leaders, this means perfecting the core competencies of your craft before advancing to more complex strategies. - Be Fluid Like Water
Inspired by nature, Musashi advocated for flexibility in approach. Like water that takes the shape of its container, strategy must adapt to the dynamics of any challenge. Rigidity leads to failure, while adaptability ensures victory.
Dokkōdō: 21 Principles for Living
In his final days, Musashi wrote Dokkōdō (“The Way of Walking Alone”), a gift to his closest disciple. This work outlines his personal code of conduct—timeless principles that offer wisdom for self-discipline, clarity, and freedom.
- Accept everything just the way it is.
Embrace reality without resistance or complaint. - Do not seek pleasure for its own sake.
Avoid fleeting distractions that weaken your resolve. - Do not, under any circumstances, depend on a partial feeling.
Make decisions based on clarity, not fleeting emotions. - Think lightly of yourself and deeply of the world.
Practice humility and focus on understanding the bigger picture. - Be detached from desire your whole life long.
Let go of attachments that cloud your judgment. - Do not regret what you have done.
Learn from the past but avoid dwelling on mistakes. - Never be jealous.
Jealousy is a distraction from self-improvement. - Never let yourself be saddened by a separation.
Change and loss are inevitable—accept them with grace. - Resentment and complaint are inappropriate either for oneself or others.
These emotions poison progress and relationships. - Do not let yourself be guided by the feeling of lust or love.
Maintain emotional balance in relationships. - In all things, have no preferences.
Preferences can limit adaptability and judgment. - Be indifferent to where you live.
Contentment comes from within, not from external circumstances. - Do not pursue the taste of good food.
Avoid indulgence that distracts from focus and discipline. - Do not hold onto possessions you no longer need.
Simplicity fosters freedom and clarity. - Do not act following customary beliefs.
Question tradition and think independently. - Do not seek to follow in the footsteps of the wise.
Learn from others, but forge your own path. - Do not make your own path to become part of others.
Prioritize authenticity over conformity. - Do not perform acts of deceit.
Live with integrity in all interactions. - Do not be attracted to weapons or instruments of war.
Tools are only as valuable as their purpose. - Do not fear death.
Accept mortality to live more fully. - Do not seek to possess either goods or fiefs for your old age.
Material wealth is fleeting; focus on inner richness.
Application in Modern Life
Musashi’s wisdom offers a framework for mastering challenges, achieving clarity, and leading effectively.
- For CEOs: Think strategically like Musashi by adapting plans to evolving markets and mastering essential skills before delegating.
- For Personal Growth: Follow the Dokkōdō principles to eliminate distractions, focus on long-term growth, and cultivate inner peace.
- For Relationships: Maintain emotional balance and authenticity by resisting attachment to fleeting feelings or societal pressures.
Practical Takeaway
Start by reflecting on one principle from Dokkōdō and applying it to your life for a week. For example:
- Choose “Do not regret what you have done,” and focus on learning from mistakes rather than dwelling on them.
- Or “Think lightly of yourself and deeply of the world,” by practicing humility and seeking new perspectives.
The legendary Musashi taught us that mastery is a lifelong journey—a path of discipline, reflection, and unwavering clarity. Whether you’re leading a team, navigating personal challenges, or seeking inner peace, his principles are a timeless guide to success.
Which of Musashi’s principles will you embody today? 💪
Obsessed with your goals and vision,
